Valavu yodzilamulira

Vesi yodzilamulira nokha: Katswiri wokhawo wa kuwongolera popanda mphamvu yakunja

Pamunda wa madzimadzi amagetsi, sikuti zochitika zonse zimatha kupeza mphamvu zakunja, ndipo valavu yowongolera yodziyimira imangodzaza kusiyana. Sizimafunanso mphamvu zakunja monga mphamvu yamagetsi kapena mapangidwe, ndipo imatha kuwongolera magawo, ndipo amayenda mokha komanso kutentha kudalira mphamvu ya sing'anga yokhayo, kumapangitsa kuti ndi chisankho chabwino kwa zinthu zambiri zapadera.

Mapangidwe a kapangidwe kake ka Highve wowongolera amalumikizana, kuwongolera, ndi kuphedwa, makamaka ngati thupi la valavu, diaphragm (kapena pisitoni) wochita ziwopsezo. Malinga ndi magawo osiyanasiyana olamulidwa, imatha kugawidwanso ndi mitundu monga valavu yowongolera yodzilamulira, muyeso wodziletsa wowongolera, komanso kutentha kwawokha kuwongolera. Kutenga makanema owongolera omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri monga zitsanzo, maziko ake ndi ochita sephragm omwe amatha kusinthana. Chitoliro chowongolera chimayambitsa kukakamizidwa kwa sing'anga yoyendetsedwa m'munsi mwa ma diaphragm, ndikupanga malire ndi gulu lokhazikika la ma dirkm, ndipo ubale wolimba umasankha mawonekedwe a valavu yolimba .

Mfundo yake yogwira ntchito imakhazikitsidwa chifukwa chowongolera komanso kuwongolera. Kukakamizidwa kwa kusintha kwa sing'anga komwe kumayang'aniridwa, mphamvu yolimba mbali zonse ya diaphragm imasweka: Ngati kupanikizika kumachepa, gulu la kasupe limakangana ndi diaphragm kuti musunthire pansi, ndikuyendetsa bwino kwambiri, ndikuwonjezera malo otseguka, kotero kuti kupsa mtima kumayambiranso. Posintha izi mwamphamvu, kupanikizika kwakati kumatha kukhazikika mkati mwa masika. Mwachitsanzo, pa mapaipi otenthetsera, pomwe mphamvu yamphamvu imapitilira mtengo wake, valavu yowongolera imangotseka valavu kuti muchepetse kutuluka kwa nthunzi ndikupewa kuthana ndi dongosolo; Kupanikizikaku kuli kochepa kuposa mtengo wake, valavu imatsegulidwa kuti ikwaniritse voliyumu yokhazikika kuti ikhale yolimba .

Ubwino wogwira wekha mavavu owongolera ndi wotchuka kwambiri. Choyamba, sizifuna mphamvu zakunja, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala kopindulitsa kumadera akutali popanda magetsi ndi mipweya kapena yophulika malo owopsa (monga malo osungira masitolo achilengedwe). Sikuti zimangochepetsa dongosolo komanso zimachepetsa kuwopsa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusokonekera kwa mphamvu. Kachiwiri, kapangidwe kake kamakhala kosavuta komanso kokwanira kokwanira. Palibe dongosolo lamagetsi kapena la mapangidwe am'magetsi, okhala ndi zolakwika zochepa. Kusamalira tsiku ndi tsiku makamaka kumangoyang'ana maulalo oyambira monga kuyeretsa valavu ndikuyang'ana zisindikizo. Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi liwiro lofulumira, limatha kuzindikira kusintha kwa magawo enieni munthawi yeniyeni komanso kusintha mwachangu, ndipo ndizoyenera kusintha ntchito ndi kusintha kosinthika kakang'ono kwa prometer. Ngakhale kulondola kwake kuwongolera sizabwino ngati za mavalidwe a magetsi kapena a mapangidwe ambiri (nthawi zambiri kuzungulira ± 5%), kumatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira zazikulu zopanga mafakitale ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikosavuta kukhazikitsa, popanda kufunikira kuyika zingwe kapena mipata ya mpweya, kuyika ndalama ndi malo .

Pamapulogalamu othandiza, mavule owongolera omwe amawagwiritsa ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani monga petroleum, makampani amakampani, manyowa, mphamvu yamagetsi, ndi kutentha. Powongolera akasinja osungiramo mankhwala popanga mankhwala, imatha kusunthika kokhazikika mu thanki yosungirako kuti isawonongeke kapena kuwonongeka kwa zoyipa; M'matawuni am'matawuni, mavuvu oyendetsa okha amasintha madzi otentha molingana ndi kufunikira kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, kukwaniritsa ogwiritsa ntchito ndikutenthetsa ndikuchepetsa mphamvu zamagetsi; M'mapaipi achilengedwe oyenda mtunda wautali, mavuni odzimangirira omwe amakhazikitsidwa mosiyanasiyana amatha kutsitsa mpweya wokwera kwambiri kuti ogwiritsa ntchito ogwiritsa ntchito, onetsetsani kuti paulendo .

Ndi chitukuko cha ukadaulo, magwiridwe antchito owongolera omwe amadzigwiritsa ntchito amawongolera nthawi zonse kumasintha. Zinthu zatsopano zopangidwa ndi zinthu zopitilira muyeso (monga Fritteloy valavu yolimba ndi matupi a fluoropticistic) kuti azolowere media ndi alkali; Mitundu ina yawonjezera njira zosinthira zamatumbo, kulola kusintha kosasinthika kwa malo omwe ali patsamba; Ena ali ndi zida zotulutsa chizindikiro chakutali. Ngakhale amadalirabe kudzisunga, amatha kupatsira magawo enieni kupita ku dongosolo lalikulu la Control Control, kukwaniritsa zosowa za magwiridwe antchito komanso kuwunikira zakutali .

Pomaliza, ndi njira yake yopanda mphamvu yakuchokera kwa mphamvu, yodalirika, komanso kugwirira ntchito kwakukulu, kuwongolera koyenera komanso kwachuma kuvuta kupeza kapena komwe dongosolo losavuta lamphamvu limatsatiridwa.

July 04, 2025